By the 17th century, the Dutch were renowned as the best cartographers, the best navigators, the best ship builders and the best manufacturers of marine artillery. This began with the publication of Lindschoten's book, which contained the secrets of the Portuguese who had sailed to the East one hundred years before. The result was the end of the Portuguese control of the spice trade and the domination of the Dutch for the entire 17th century, which is also known as the Golden Age of Holland.